Cellular and Humoral Immunoreactivity against Hen’s Egg White: Relevance in Allergic Patients

Celso Eduardo Olivier *

Instituto Alergoimuno de Americana, Brazil.

Daiana Guedes Pinto

Instituto Alergoimuno de Americana, Brazil.

Ana Paula Monezzi Teixeira

Instituto Alergoimuno de Americana, Brazil.

Cibele Silva Miguel

Instituto Alergoimuno de Americana, Brazil.

Raquel Acácia Pereira Gonçalves Santos

Instituto Alergoimuno de Americana, Brazil.

Jhéssica Letícia Santos Santana

Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa do Hospital de Amor de Barretos, Brazil.

Regiane Patussi Santos Lima

Lavoisier Laboratórios, São Paulo, Brazil.

*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.


Abstract

Background: Hypersensitivity to chicken eggs is the second most common food allergy, presenting IgE-mediated and non-IgE-mediated hypersensitivity mechanisms. While IgE-mediated hypersensitivity is easily detected, non-IgE-mediated endotypes present challenging obstacles to diagnosis.

Aim: To evaluate the potential of the Tube Titration of Precipitins (TTP) and the Leukocyte Adherence Inhibition Test (LAIT) to discriminate cellular and humoral immunoreactivity against hen's egg white (albumen).

Study Design: We retrospectively examined the medical charts of two cohorts of patients clinically diagnosed with diverse allergic phenotypes with clinical suspicion of non–IgE-mediated hypersensitivity against hen's egg white, who were investigated with the help of TTP or LAIT.

Methodology: The registered results of the semi-quantitative serum TTP against 1 mg/mL albumen extract (TTP cohort) as well as the registered results of the Leukocyte Adherence Inhibition (LAI) percentage promoted by the ex vivo challenges against 1 mg/mL albumen extract (LAIT cohort) were distributed through a cascade distribution chart to outline the variability of the results. The statistical characteristics inside each cohort were calculated.

Results: The cascade distribution for TTP with hen's egg extract showed a relatively uniform distribution. There were eight negative results. The mean was estimated at 1:156; the median was 1:64; the standard deviation was estimated at 1:185; the mode was 1:512 (appeared eighteen times). The cascade distribution for LAIT with hen's egg extract showed a relatively uniform distribution. There were twenty and one negative results. The LAI ranged from 0% to 98%. The mean was 44.2%; the median was 48.5%; the standard deviation was 32.2%; the mode was 0% (appeared 21 times). 

Conclusion: Our preliminary results support that the TTP and LAIT performed with hen's albumen extract may discriminate diverse humoral and cellular immunoreactivity degrees in patients suffering from diversified allergic phenotypes.

Keywords: Albumen, endotype, hen's egg white, hypersensitivity, leukocyte adherence inhibition test, non–ige-mediated immunoreactivity, phenotype, precipitins


How to Cite

Olivier, Celso Eduardo, Daiana Guedes Pinto, Ana Paula Monezzi Teixeira, Cibele Silva Miguel, Raquel Acácia Pereira Gonçalves Santos, Jhéssica Letícia Santos Santana, and Regiane Patussi Santos Lima. 2024. “Cellular and Humoral Immunoreactivity Against Hen’s Egg White: Relevance in Allergic Patients”. Asian Journal of Immunology 7 (1):274-84. https://doi.org/10.9734/aji/2024/v7i1150.

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