Asian Journal of Immunology

Contribution of the Leukocyte Adherence Inhibition Test to the Diagnosis of Immunoreactivity against Cobalt

Celso Eduardo Olivier *

Department of Allergy and Immunology, Instituto Alergoimuno de Americana, Brazil.

Daiana Guedes Pinto

Department of Allergy and Immunology, Instituto Alergoimuno de Americana, Brazil.

Ana Paula Monezzi Teixeira

Department of Allergy and Immunology, Instituto Alergoimuno de Americana, Brazil.

Jhéssica Letícia Santos Santana

Department of Allergy and Immunology, Instituto Alergoimuno de Americana, Brazil.

Raquel Acácia Pereira Gonçalves Santos

Department of Allergy and Immunology, Instituto Alergoimuno de Americana, Brazil.

Regiane Patussi Santos Lima

Lavoisier’s Laboratories, São Paulo, Brazil.

*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

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Abstract

Aims: To evaluate the potential of the Leukocyte Adherence Inhibition Test (LAIT) as a tool for evaluating immunoreactivity against cobalt in patients with clinical suspicion of cobalt hypersensitivity.

Study Design: We retrospectively examined the medical charts of a population of 97 patients diagnosed with Allergic Contact Dermatitis (ACD) and/or dyshidrotic eczema (DE) with clinical suspicion of cobalt hypersensitivity who were investigated with an ex vivo challenge monitored by LAIT against CoCl₂·6H₂O.

Place and Duration of Study: Instituto Alergoimuno de Americana – São Paulo – Brazil –  between January 2018 and June 2023.

Methodology: The percentage of Leukocyte Adherence Inhibition (LAI) promoted by the ex vivo challenges with CoCl₂·6H₂O was distributed in ranges through Cascade Distribution Charts to observe the variability of the results.

Results: The LAI mean was 44.8%, SD 26.9%, range 0% to 94%, mode = 0% (appeared 14 times). There was a wide range of distribution of LAI results, suggesting that some patients had immunoreactivity against cobalt, while others do not.

Conclusion: Our preliminary results support the fact that the LAIT performed with CoCl₂·6H₂O  may differentiate diverse degrees of ex vivo immunoreactivity against cobalt in allergic patients.

Keywords: Cobalt, dermatitis, allergic contact, contact, diagnosis, eczema, dyshidrotic, leukocyte adherence Inhibition test, skin tests

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